The subjective dimension within which delusion exists is to experience and think our reality (Jaspers, 1973). It is the primary task to get this into view. We may not hope to resolve this issue quickly with a definition. It would be a superficial and wrong answer to this question just to call a delusion a false belief which is held with incorrigible certainty. What is delusion is indeed one of the basic questions of psychopathology. Since time immemorial, delusion has been taken as the basic characteristic of madness. The French equivalent, delire is more empathic it implies the ploughshare jumping out of the furrow (lira), perhaps a similar metaphor to the ironical ‘unhinged’. The German equivalent Wahn is a whim, false opinion or fancy and makes no more comment than the English upon the subjective experience. The English word “ delude” comes from Latin and implies playing or mocking, defrauding or cheating. Delusions may be present in any of the following mental disorders: (1) Psychotic disorders, or disorders in which the affected person has a diminished or distorted sense of reality and cannot distinguish the real from the unreal, including schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, schizophreniform disorder, shared psychotic disorder, brief psychotic disorder, and substance-induced psychotic disorder, (2) Bipolar disorder, (3) Major depressive disorder with psychotic features (4) Delirium, and (5) Dementia. Delusions are a symptom of either a medical, neurological, or mental disorder. A person with a delusion is absolutely convinced that the delusion is real. ![]() ![]() Delusions can be difficult to distinguish from overvalued ideas, which are unreasonable ideas that a person holds, but the affected person has at least some level of doubt as to its truthfulness. A person with a delusion will hold firmly to the belief regardless of evidence to the contrary. The key feature of a delusion is the degree to which the person is convinced that the belief is true. The false belief is not accounted for by the person’s cultural or religious background or his or her level of intelligence. “There is no delusional idea held by the mentally ill which cannot be exceeded in its absurdity by the conviction of fanatics, either individually or en masse”…HocheĪ delusion is a belief that is clearly false and that indicates an abnormality in the affected person’s content of thought.
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